{"id":122,"date":"2015-07-31T23:40:58","date_gmt":"2015-07-31T23:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/?p=122"},"modified":"2015-06-04T10:13:14","modified_gmt":"2015-06-04T10:13:14","slug":"conjunction-junction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/?p=122","title":{"rendered":"Parts of Speech: Conjunctions!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=eZqI5b5wGA4<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->1) Recognize a\u00a0<strong>coordinating conjunction<\/strong>\u00a0when you see one.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00a0<strong>And<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>but<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>for<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>nor<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>or<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>so<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>yet <\/strong>&#8211;\u00a0these are the seven coordinating conjunctions. To remember all seven, you might want to learn one of these acronyms:\u00a0<strong>FANBOYS<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>YAFNOBS<\/strong>, or\u00a0<strong>FONYBAS<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>F\u00a0= for<br \/>\nA\u00a0= and<br \/>\nN\u00a0= nor<br \/>\nB\u00a0= but<br \/>\nO\u00a0= or<br \/>\nY\u00a0= yet<br \/>\nS\u00a0= so<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00a0= yet<br \/>\nA\u00a0= and<br \/>\nF\u00a0= for<br \/>\nN\u00a0= nor<br \/>\nO\u00a0= or<br \/>\nB\u00a0= but<br \/>\nS\u00a0= so<\/td>\n<td>F\u00a0= for<br \/>\nO\u00a0= or<br \/>\nN\u00a0= nor<br \/>\nY\u00a0= yet<br \/>\nB\u00a0= but<br \/>\nA\u00a0= and<br \/>\nS\u00a0= so<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Coordinating conjunctions connect words,\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">phrases<\/span>, and\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">clauses<\/span>. Look at the examples that follow:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>The bowl of squid eyeball stew is hot\u00a0<strong>and<\/strong>\u00a0delicious.<\/li>\n<li>The squid eyeball stew is so thick that you can eat it with a fork\u00a0<strong>or<\/strong>\u00a0spoon.<\/li>\n<li>Rocky, my orange tomcat, loves having his head scratched\u00a0<strong>but<\/strong>\u00a0hates getting his claws trimmed.<\/li>\n<li>Rocky terrorizes the poodles next door\u00a0<strong>yet<\/strong>\u00a0adores the German shepherd across the street.<\/li>\n<li>Rocky refuses to eat dry cat food,\u00a0<strong>nor<\/strong>\u00a0will he touch a saucer of squid eyeball stew.<\/li>\n<li>I hate to waste a single drop of squid eyeball stew,\u00a0<strong>for<\/strong> it is expensive and time-consuming to make.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Even though<\/strong> I added cream to the squid eyeball stew, Rocky ignored his serving,\u00a0so\u00a0I got a spoon and ate it myself.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4>2) Understand the difference between <strong>coordination<\/strong> and <strong>subordination<\/strong>.<\/h4>\n<blockquote><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Use a coordinating conjunction when you want to give equal emphasis to two\u00a0<strong>main clauses<\/strong>. The pattern for coordination looks like this:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\"><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\">MAIN CLAUSE<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0+\u00a0<strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0+ coordinating conjunction +\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\">MAIN CLAUSE<\/span><\/strong><\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Subordination, however, emphasizes the idea in the main clause more than the one in the\u00a0subordinate clause. Generally, the patterns look like one of these:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #ff0000;\">main clause<\/span>\u00a0+ \u00d8 +\u00a0<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_505\">subordinate clause<\/span><\/strong><\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_505\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_505\">subordinate clause<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0+\u00a0<strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0+\u00a0<span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #ff0000;\">main clause<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Read the pairs of sentences that follow. The first version coordinates the two ideas. The second version subordinates one idea to emphasize the other.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>To survive the fetal pig dissection, Rinalda agreed to make all of the incisions,\u00a0<strong>and<\/strong>\u00a0Frances promised to remove and label the organs.<\/li>\n<li>To survive the fetal pig dissection, Rinalda agreed to make all of the incisions\u00a0<strong>if<\/strong>\u00a0Frances would promise to remove and label the organs.<\/li>\n<li>Diana stared dreamily at the handsome Mr. McKenzie,\u00a0<strong>but<\/strong>\u00a0Olivia, who hated economics, furiously jiggled her foot, impatient to escape the boring class.<\/li>\n<li><strong>While<\/strong>\u00a0Diana was staring dreamily at the handsome Mr. McKenzie, Olivia furiously jiggled her foot, impatient to escape the boring economics class that she hated.<\/li>\n<li>At a red light, Maria jumped out of Gino&#8217;s car and slammed the door,\u00a0<strong>for\u00a0<\/strong>she could not tolerate one more minute of the screamo music that Gino insisted on blasting from his Macbook.<\/li>\n<li>At a red light, Maria jumped out of Gino&#8217;s car and slammed the door\u00a0<strong>because<\/strong>\u00a0she could not tolerate one more minute of the screamo music that Gino insisted on blasting from his Macbook.<\/li>\n<li>Making an\u00a0<em>A<\/em>\u00a0in Anatomy and Physiology has not helped Sima choose a career. She might decide to make her parents happy and go to medical school,\u00a0<strong>or<\/strong>\u00a0she might use her knowledge of the human body to become a sculptor.<\/li>\n<li>Making an\u00a0<em>A<\/em>\u00a0in Anatomy and Physiology has not helped Sima choose a career.\u00a0<strong>Although<\/strong>\u00a0she might decide to make her parents happy and go to medical school, she might also use her knowledge of the human body to become a sculptor.<\/li>\n<li>Kyle refused to eat the salad served with the meal,\u00a0<strong>nor\u00a0<\/strong>would he touch any green vegetable put on his plate.<\/li>\n<li><strong>After\u00a0<\/strong>Kyle refused the salad served with the meal, he then would not touch the green vegetables put on his plate.<\/li>\n<li>Joe spent seven hours studying calculus at the Mexican diner,\u00a0<strong>so<\/strong>\u00a0now he can set his math book on fire with his salsa breath.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Since<\/strong>\u00a0Joe spent seven hours studying calculus at the Mexican diner, he can now set his math book on fire with his salsa breath.<\/li>\n<li>Because she gets seasick, Danielle is dreading the spring break cruise,\u00a0<strong>yet\u00a0<\/strong>she might enjoy herself once she realizes how many hunky guys in bathing suits parade the decks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Even though<\/strong>\u00a0Danielle is dreading getting seasick on the spring break cruise, she will probably enjoy herself once she realizes how many hunky guys in bathing suits parade the decks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4><strong>3)<\/strong> Punctuate coordinating conjunctions correctly.<\/h4>\n<blockquote><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Three patterns in writing use coordinating conjunctions.\u00a0Add commas when required.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Pattern 1 \u2014 Connecting two main clauses<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>When you connect two\u00a0<strong>main clauses<\/strong>\u00a0with a coordinating conjunction, use a comma. The pattern looks like this:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #ff0000;\">main clause<\/span>\u00a0+\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>,<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0+ <span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_507\" style=\"color: #333399;\">coordinating conjunction<\/span>\u00a0+\u00a0<span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #ff0000;\">main clause<\/span>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Here is an example:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>While I am at work, my dog Floyd sleeps on the bed\u00a0<strong>, and<\/strong>\u00a0my cat Buster naps in the bathtub.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><em>Pattern 2 \u2014 Connecting two items<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>You can also use a coordinating conjunction to connect any two items. These items can be any grammatical unit\u00a0<em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">except<\/span>\u00a0<\/em>main clauses. \u00a0The pattern looks like this:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #808000;\">item<\/span>\u00a0+ \u00d8 + <span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_507\"><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_507\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_507\">coordinating conjunction<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>+\u00a0<span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #808000;\">item<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Here are some examples:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>My dog Floyd has too many fleas\u00a0<strong>and<\/strong>\u00a0too much hair.<\/li>\n<li>My cat Buster has beautiful blue eyes\u00a0<strong>but\u00a0<\/strong>a destructive personality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><em>Pattern 3 \u2014 Connecting three or more items in a series<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>When you have three or more\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>items in a series<\/em><\/span>, you generally use a comma before the coordinating conjunction. Some handbooks and style guides will tell you that this comma is optional, but my advice is to put it in. The pattern looks like this:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #808000;\">item<\/span>\u00a0+\u00a0<strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0+\u00a0<span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #808000;\">item<\/span>\u00a0+\u00a0<strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0+ <span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_507\" style=\"color: #000080;\">coordinating conjunction\u00a0<\/span>+\u00a0<span class=\"fontsforweb_fontid_511\" style=\"color: #808000;\">item<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Here is an example:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Swatting olives off the kitchen counter<strong>,\u00a0<\/strong>dragging toilet paper streamers through the house<strong>, and<\/strong>\u00a0terrorizing Jacques Cousteau, the parakeet, have consumed another of Buster&#8217;s days.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4><strong>4)<\/strong> Yes, you can begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction!<\/h4>\n<blockquote><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you decide to begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction, keep these three things in mind:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Be sure that a main clause follows the coordinating conjunction.<\/li>\n<li>Do not use a coordinating conjunction to begin\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>every<\/em><\/span>\u00a0sentence. Use this option only when it makes the flow of your ideas more effective.<\/li>\n<li>Do\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>not<\/em><\/span>\u00a0use a comma\u00a0<em>after<\/em>\u00a0the coordinating conjunction. Coordinating conjunctions are not transitional expressions like\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>for example<\/em><\/span>\u00a0or\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>first of all<\/em><\/span>. You will rarely use punctuation after them.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Here are some examples:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>While I was answering my phone, Buster, my cat, jumped onto the kitchen counter and swatted all of my jalape\u00f1o-stuffed olives onto the dirty kitchen floor.\u00a0<strong>So<\/strong>\u00a0I had to rinse off the cat hair and crumbs sticking to these delicacies before I could add them to the salad.<\/li>\n<li>Flying down the bumpy path, Genette hit a rock with the front wheel of her mountain bike, flew over the handlebars, and crashed into a clump of prickly palmetto bushes.\u00a0<strong>Yet\u00a0<\/strong>even this accident would not deter her from completing the race.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Only when an interrupter immediately follows the coordinating conjunction do you need to use commas. Read this example:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>We hoped that decorating the top of Christine&#8217;s cupcake with a dead grasshopper would freak her out. But<strong>, to our amazement,<\/strong>\u00a0she just popped the whole thing in her mouth, chewed, and swallowed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=eZqI5b5wGA4<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[14,16,15],"class_list":["post-122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-instructive","tag-conjunctions","tag-grammar","tag-parts-of-speech"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=122"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1424,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions\/1424"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bentonenglish.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}